中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
坚持问题导向严查公款大吃大喝 狠刹餐饮浪费歪风******
坚持问题导向严查公款大吃大喝
狠刹餐饮浪费歪风
餐饮浪费绝非小事,事关国家粮食安全,事关社会道德风尚,事关良好作风养成。党的二十大报告强调,要实施全面节约战略,推进各类资源节约集约利用,推动形成绿色低碳的生产方式和生活方式,倡导绿色低碳、全面节约。
各级纪检监察机关要深刻认识“全面节约战略”在粮食安全中的精神实质与实践要求,把纠治餐饮浪费问题摆在更加突出位置,常抓不懈、综合施策,以优良党风引领社风民风,推动全社会形成厉行节约、反对浪费的良好风尚。
层层压实责任,推动齐抓共管
一粥一饭当思来之不易。党的十八大以来,习近平总书记多次对制止餐饮浪费作出重要指示批示,强调坚决制止餐饮浪费行为,切实培养节约习惯,在全社会营造浪费可耻、节约为荣的氛围。
2021年4月29日,十三届全国人大常委会第二十八次会议通过《中华人民共和国反食品浪费法》。同年10月18日,中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发《粮食节约行动方案》,全党上下坚决落实各项节约措施,带头厉行节约,反对浪费歪风。
各级纪检监察机关坚决贯彻落实党中央决策部署,把纠治餐饮浪费问题摆在更加突出位置,督促层层压实责任,狠刹奢侈浪费歪风,推动建立长效机制,推动齐抓共管,坚决遏制“舌尖上的浪费”。
在思想上高度重视、行动上一抓到底。山东省纪委监委把节约粮食、制止餐饮浪费作为贯彻党中央重大决策部署和习近平总书记重要指示批示督查问责的重要内容,纳入政治监督台账,作为廉政谈话、述责述廉、民主生活会监督、全面从严治党主体责任检查的重要内容,推动责任落实。
立足岗位职责,督促压实责任。陕西省纪委监委把相关职能部门履行制止餐饮浪费职责情况作为监督重点,印发《关于对节约粮食、制止餐饮浪费行为加强专项监督的工作指引》,紧盯10个职能部门制止餐饮浪费职责履行,明确21项重点内容,推动监管责任落实。紧盯作风建设主体责任,南方电网公司纪检监察组协助督促公司党组研究提出一系列制止餐饮浪费具体举措,并纳入公司过“紧日子”、推动降本增效的整体部署中统筹推进。
坚持问题导向,一个节点一个节点坚守
在各地区各部门的持续努力下,公款大吃大喝、挥霍浪费问题得到有力遏制,全社会浪费可耻、节约光荣的良好氛围不断浓厚。但仍有少数党员干部厉行节约的思想根基不牢固、行为惯性没有彻底扭转,公务活动用餐超标准、虚列开支套取公款大吃大喝等问题时有发生。各级纪检监察机关坚持问题导向,紧抓薄弱环节贯通发力,把节约粮食、制止餐饮浪费作为落实中央八项规定精神、纠治“四风”的重要方面集中纠治,强化监督执纪。
及时发现问题。山东省纪委监委将党员干部和公职人员餐饮浪费行为纳入“四风”问题举报受理范围,建立专门台账,实行销号管理。江西省新余市纪委监委用好“三公”经费网络监管平台预警信息,实时监测全市“三公”消费动态,2022年以来先后梳理公务接待费用超标、餐饮浪费等问题线索16起,均已按流程转办督办。
强化日常监督。浙江省各级纪检监察机关对机关食堂“光盘”行动开展情况、餐饮类经营场所食材浪费情况等进行监督检查。2020年以来,共组织开展明察暗访、交叉互查、专项检查等5000余次,发现问题2000余个。山东省纪委监委在2022年春节和中秋国庆期间组织24个察访组开展交叉察访,发现餐饮浪费问题及时推动整改。
开展专项整治。南方电网公司纪检监察组聚焦企业奢侈浪费突出问题,督促各级党组织持续开展专项治理,对公司系统所属各单位3136家自有食堂进行规范,并组建五个督导检查组开展监督检查,共发现12个方面30个共性问题,移交问题线索1条。通过专项治理,南方电网公司总部和各二级单位本部2022年食堂成本费用和业务接待费较2020年分别压减5%、10%。
坚持纠树并举,引领节俭新风
纠治餐饮浪费问题,必须纠树并举、久久为功。各级纪检监察机关把制止餐饮浪费作为作风建设重要内容,推动以优良党风政风引领淳朴社风民风,带动全社会形成浪费可耻、节约光荣的良好氛围。
坚持长效常治。陕西省纪委监委推动省级层面出台《关于节约粮食反对浪费的决定》,建立粮食浪费行为投诉举报制度;推动职能部门发布《陕西省餐饮业分餐制实施指南》《陕西省文明就餐健康指南》等,巩固提升“舌尖上的浪费”治理成效。浙江省衢州市试点“公务餐”改革,打通市域范围496家食堂,供干部开展公务活动前在线就近预约,通过制度重塑、流程再造,实现公务“零接待”,全市公务接待费用支出同比减少约30%。
加强教育引导。山东省日照市纪委监委在春节、中秋等传统节日期间,向全市广大党员干部、市民推送廉洁寄语、“山东通”工作提示信息等500余万条,将倡树节约意识与温馨祝福有机融合,营造了廉洁自律、文明过节的良好氛围。云南电网公司纪委督促责任部门通过集体承诺、发放“光盘卫士”标志牌、建立黑榜通报曝光等方式,有效制止餐饮浪费。
推动移风易俗。浙江省纪委监委会同省委组织部联合下发《关于规范省管干部操办婚丧喜庆事宜的若干规定》,推动全省99.6%的村社制定村规民约,自主约定控制婚丧喜庆事宜的餐标,一些地方推出“办酒不铺张”倡议菜单,每桌餐标不超过400元。陕西省纪委监委督促省委文明办在全省持续开展“文明餐桌”实践行动,推动“文明餐桌”融入村规民约,形成文明用餐新风,充盈文明节俭之风。(中国纪检监察报 记者 陆丽环)